A graphical Conceptual Site Model (CSM) is a vital early-stage tool in contaminated land investigations. It visually integrates site data—such as contamination sources, infrastructure, geology, groundwater, drainage, and receptors—to guide sampling and decision-making. Used in plan and cross-section views, it clarifies site dynamics, supports risk assessments, and aligns stakeholders.

Contamination is the presence of harmful substances in soil, water, or air. Contaminated land is land where those substances pose a serious or material risk to health or the environment. In contrast, clean earth is natural soil, rock, or sand free from waste or hazardous contaminants—safe for reuse and exempt from regulation.

Contaminated land management in Queensland is shaped by two distinct frameworks: the National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site...

In Queensland, the contaminated land industry faces a significant challenge. Despite the State Government’s requirement for the...

Having a clear and simple definition of what constitutes clean earth or clean fill seems like a no-brainer, but it is something that has...

When completing a contaminated land investigation, you may need to use data or reports written by someone else or rely on past work your...